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Home > Pine > Jeffrey Pine

Jeffrey Pine

Jeffrey pine is a species of conifers found in North America at an altitude of 1,500 to 2,900 m. These pine trees, named after the Scottish botanist John Jeffrey, slightly resemble Ponderosa pine though they can be differentiated based on their needles, buds, cones, and bark.

Jeffrey Pine

Scientific Classification

Kingdom Plantae
Division Pinophyta
Class Pinopsida
Order Pinales
Family Pinaceae
Genus Pinus
Subgenus Pinus
Scientific Name Pinus jeffreyi

Jeffrey Pines

Jeffrey Pine Tree

Quick Information

Other Names Jeffrey’s Pine, Yellow Pine, Black Pine
Size Height: 82 to 131 ft, seldom up to 174 ft
Trunk Diameter: 7.5 ft
Identification

Leaves: Stout, needle-shaped, glaucous gray-green, occurring in bundles of three, 12-23 cm long

Cones: Dark purple turning into pale brown, 12-24 cm long, thin woody scales

Tree Type Evergreen
Shape at Maturity Straight, crown is conical or rounded
Distribution/Range South West Oregon, California including Sierra Nevada (United States); northern Baja California ( Mexico)
Hardiness Zones 6 to 8
Growth Rate Rapid; 2-3 feet per year
Lifespan Approximately, 400 to 500 years
Growing Conditions Soil range: Sandy to clay loam, dry to moist

Water requirement: Tolerates drought, can grow in places with little annual rainfall

Sunlight: Requires full sun or partial shade

Summer Condition: Warm summers with significant difference in day-night temperatures

Winter Condition: Cold winters; cannot survive temperature below -38°F

Diseases Vulnerable to fungal diseases, limb canker, rusts, western dwarf mistletoe, heart rots, medusa needle blight, elytroderma needle cast
Flowering/Fruiting June or July
Seed Production Bears seed at around 20 years of age
Dispersal of Seeds Seeds are dispersed by the wind and small animals
Wildlife Value Food and shelter for different bird and animal species; black bears, insects, birds, small mammals like mice, chipmunks, and tree squirrels consume the seeds
Uses For lumber, pulpwood, and veneers; as an ornamental tree; its resin is used to treat various diseases
IUCN Conservation Status Least Concern

Pinus Jeffreyi

Jeffrey Pine Bark

Interesting Facts

  • Jeffrey pine tree has earned the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.
  • Its cones have inward-pointing barbs whereas ponderosa pine cones have outward-pointing barbs that feel prickly when rubbed down on the palm.
  • Its resin has a distinctive scent similar to butterscotch, vanilla, lemon, or pineapple.

Jeffrey Pine Cones

Jeffrey Pine Needles

References

  1. https://eol.org/pages/999712
  2. https://www.backyardgardener.com/plantname/pinus-jeffreyi-jeffrey-pine/
  3. https://www.gardenguides.com/105379-pine-trees-grow-fast.html
  4. https://www.fs.usda.gov/database/feis/plants/tree/pinjef/all.html
  5. https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/misc/ag_654/volume_1/pinus/jeffreyi.htm

Published on March 21st 2017 by Sajal Datta under Pine.
Article was last reviewed on 5th December 2022.

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