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Eastern White Pine

Eastern White Pine is a tree native to eastern North America. It is a large pine tree with historical significance as the Iroquois (Native American Haudenosaunee) considered it as the “Tree of Peace” and chose it as a symbol for the unity of the Iroquois Confederacy.

Eastern White Pine

Eastern White Pine Tree

Scientific Classification

Kingdom	Plantae
Phylum	Pinophyta
Class	Pinopsida
Order	Pinales
Family	Pinaceae
Genus	Pinus
Subgenus	Strobus
Species	Pinus Strobus

Eastern White Pines

Eastern White Pine Trees

Quick Information

Other Names	Northern White Pine, Weymouth Pine, White Pine, Eastern White Pine
Identification	Size – 65-100 ft (20-30 m) tall Trunk Diameter – 3-5ft (1.0-1.6 m) Height – can grow up to 50-57.55m (164 ft) inch -188 ft 10 inch) tall. Leaves (Needles) – Bluish-green flexible leaves arranged in bundle of 5, finely serrated, 5-13 cm (2-5 inch) long Cones – Slender 8-16 cm (3.1-6.3 inch) long and 4-5 cm (1.6-2.0 inch) broad when open. Seeds – 4-5mm (0.16-0.20 inch) long with a slender 15-20mm (0.59-0.79 inch) wing. Bark– Dark gray colored, rough and scaly.
Distribution/ Range	It is found widely from Newfoundland, Canada till the Great Lakes region extending up to southeastern Manitoba and Minnesota in the United States and south along the Appalachian Mountains and upper Piedmont to northernmost Georgia.
Habitat	The tree is found in Elevated and sandy wood lands as well as in forested bogs.
Hardiness	Up to 3
Growth Rate	Slow growth for initial 2-3 years, later on grows rapidly between 10-15 years at an annual average rate of 1m (3ft).
Lifespan	200 years if undisturbed, exceeding maximum age up to 450 years.
Growing Conditions	Summer conditions– Moderate temperature (wiki) Winter conditions– Can sustain cold and snowy winters. Rainfall – Moderate to heavy rainfall. Sunlight – Grows well in full sunlight. Soils – Eastern White Pines grow in soil types like Spodosols, Alfisols, Entisols, Ultisols and Inceptisols.
Disease and Pests	Disease – Blister rust, Red ring rot, Root rot, Beech bark disease. Pests– White pine weevil, white pine aphid, white pine sawfly.
Flowering/Fruiting	Between May and June
Breeding System	Monoecious
Seed Development	Stratification of seeds takes place for 60 days at 33° to 41° F (1°to 5° C)
Seed Production	Seed production generally takes place in every 3 to 5 years, while some seeds are produced in the years in-between.
Wildlife value	Its seeds are a source of food for black bears, rabbits, red squirrels, and birds like red crossbill. Beavers, snowshoe hares, porcupines feed on the bark of the tree while birds like woodpeckers, common grackles, mourning doves and chickadees use the tree for nesting.
Cultivars	ps nana ps macopin ps paul waxman
Uses	Its lumber is mainly used for making Furniture and wooden articles. The tree’s sap has medicinal qualities of antibacterial and inner bark has ingredients of cough remedies. It is also used as a Christmas tree.
IUCN Conservation Status	Least Concern